Telegraphy



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. H. VANDER WEYDE.

(No Model.)

TELEGRAPHY. No. 306,977. Patented. Oct. 21, 1884.

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P. H. VANDER W'EYDE.

' TELEGRAPHY.

No. 306,977. Patented Oct. 21,- 1884.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,977, dated October21, 1884.

Application filed March 2, 1882.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, In'rnn II. Yunnan WnYnn, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphy,of which the following is a specification.

In the operation of both land and submarine telegraphs of whatever kind,when the line is of considerable length, a sensible interval elapscsafter the closure of. the electric circuit at the transmitting end ofthe line before the signal can be observed at the receiving end andbefore the electric wave attains its maximum strength. This phenomenonis due, as is well known. to the effects of static induction in theline, and also to what may be termed the inertia of thereceiving-instrument, time being required before thereceiving-instrument can be made to feel the full effect of the electricwave, and to give any manifestation of the passage of a current.

The object of my invention is to overcome so far as possible theretardation of signaling due to the above or other causes; and this Ipropose to accomplish by rc-enforcing the elee trio wave or impulseflowing from the signalingbattery or other generator at the moment thatit begins to iiow by the aid of the discharge current from a condenserautomatically charged at the moment before the mainline circuit isclosed for the purpose of placing the signal-current to line. By thusre-enforcing the electric wave at the commencement of its flow that is,at the time when the effects in the receivirig-instrument are at theirweakest-I am enabled to make the signal manifest at a shorter intervalafter the closing of the circuit at the transmitting end, and toconsiderably increase the speed of signaling.

In carrying out my invention, I propose to charge the condenser by theextra current produced by the breaking of the closed circuit of anysuitable generator-such as a dynamoelectric machine, galvanic battery,or a secondary battery-at the transmitting end of the line, and toconnect the condenser to the line simultaneously with the generatorsupplying the line-current, so that the discharge from the condenserwill re-enforce the generatorcurrcnt at the beginning of the electricwave (No model.)

or impulse, the operations of connecting the condenser to the propercircuits to receive the extra current and of placing it to line with thecurrent from a machine or battery being performed automatically andconcurrently with the operations of the transmittinginstrument in theact of signaling. I ordinarily prefer to use the extra current producedby the breaking of a local circuit for the same generator that is usedfor supplying the signaling-current to the line, although, as will bereadily understood, this is by no means necessary; and I may, ifdesired, use two separate generators-one for supplying the line orsignaling-current. and the other for charging the local circuit, thebreaking of which, in the act of signaling, by the operation of thetransmittirig-instrument produces the extra current which charges thecondenser as a pre liminary to the connection of the first generatortogether with the condenser to line.

I have herein described my invention in connection with a novelarrangement of a dynamo-electric generator, a secondary battery, and atransmitter, which forms the subject of an application for patent filedby me in the United States Patent Office on the 11th day of February,1882, No. 52,35, in which arrangement the dynamo is made to charge thesecondary, and the transmitter is made to disconnect the dynamo from thesecondary, and connect the latter to line whenever a signaling wave orimpulse is to be sent to line. I have herein described the transmitteras acting to break the local circuit from the dynamomachine to thesecondary battery, for the purpose of producing the extra current; butwhile the'norcl combination, hereinafter described, of thedynamo-machine, secondary battery, transmitter, and condenser forms ofitself a specific and valuable portion of my invention, the circuitbroken might just as well, so far as the general and broad objects ofthe invention are concerned, he the circuit of a dynamomachine only, thecurrent of said machine or of some other suitable generator beingemployed to send the signaling-current; or it might be the circuit of asecondary battery charged in any desired manner, or a galvanic battery,said circuit containing by preference"- clectromagnetic coils or helicesof any desired Lil kind, the current of either of said batteries or ofan additional generator of any desired kind being employed for thesignaling current.

For the sake of simplicity l have described my invention in connectionwith the Morse system of tclegraphy; but it is obvious that the objectsand results to be accomplished belong also to other systems, and I donot desire to limit myself to the particular application of my inventionherein described, nor to the particular devices shown, as the inventionconsists, broadly, in a method of re-enforcing the signalingcurrent atthe beginning of its llow by the aid of the discharge-current from acondenser, the charging of which has been previously accomplishedautomatically by the extra current set up through the breaking of aclosed circuit simultaneously with the m ovement of the transmitter inthe act of signaling.

teferring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of aMorse key provided with attachments by which my invention may be carriedinto effect. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same. Fig. 3 is an end view.Fig. rt is a diagram showing the manner in which the various parts areelectrically connected. Figs. 5 and o are diagrams illustrating modiiications of the invention.

A represents the lever 01' a tclegra iih-key mounted in the ordinarymanner upon a base board, and electrically connected with a post, 15,which serves for the connection of a wire leading to a secondarybattery. The back eontact-stop for the key is formed in the ordinarymanner, and is electrically connected with a binding-post, U, whichserves for the connection of a wire running to a dynamo-electricmachine. The post O is also in electrical connection through a wire, 5,with a post. I), which in turn is mounted upon and in electricalconnection with a plate, D, carrying at its upper end an adjustablecontact-screw. E, with which, when the key is at rest or against itsback contact-stop, a spring, F, secured to the base-board, and insulatedfrom the other parts, makes electrical contact.

The front contact-stop or anvil for the key is indicated at G, and is inelectrical connec tion with the main-line post 1-1, after the ordinaryiashion. Electrically connected with the same post, H, is anothercontact-stop or anvil, I, with which another spring, K, makes contactwhen forced down against the anvil by the key. Spring K is in permanentelectrical. connection with a post, L, to which one pole of a condenseris connected, and its free end is overlapped beneath the end of thekey-le ver by the free end of the spring F. Astud, a, of insulatingmaterial, or of conducting material suitably insulated, is connected tothe bottom of the key lever, and when the lever is operated for thepurpose of closing thelinecontact G said stud carries spring F intocontact with K, and the latter into electrical connection with thesecond line contact-stop I. In this operation spring F is removed fromcontact with the screw-stop, 10, which, as be fore explained, is inelectrical connection with the post 0, connected with the dynamo-electric machine and with the rear anvil of the key. The contact I isadjustable up and down, and by preference the spring K is provided withan adj listing-screw similar to E.

The operation of the devices is as follows, the various parts beingsuitably adjusted to secure the desired sequence of making and breakingthe various circuits.

The connections and the operation will be more readily understood fromFig. 1-, in which T represents a dynamo-electric machine, one pole ofwhich is connected to the rear anvil oi" the key-lever, while its otherpole is connected to a wire, 6, leading to a secondary battery, S, whoseother terminal is in constant connection with the key-lever by post B,as before explained.

\Y represents the condenser, one pole of which is in constant connectionwith the spring K by means of post L, while its other pole is connectedto earth, and also to the wire (J, which latter forms a portion of theclosed circuit in which the extra current for charging the condenser isset up. The secondary battery is also provided with a ground connection,as shown. The main line is represented at 7. \Vhen the key is at restand against its rear anvil, there is a closed circuit through the keyfrom the dynamo-electric machine to the secondary battery, which is thuscharged, as explained in my former application, and is ready at any timeto supply the main-line current when the transmitter is closed. In theclosed circuit thus formed through the dynamo-machine and secondary, theextra current is set up which is employed for charging the condenser.The key being in its normal. position, as just assumed, the linecontacts at G- and I are open, and the springs F and K are also out ofcontact with one another, while spring F rests against contactscrew E,which, as before explained, and as shown in the diagram, is connected tothe circuit including the dynamo -1narhine and the secondary battery,and between one pole of the dynamo-machinc or other generator and thesecondary battery. The opposite pole of the condenser from that joinedto spring K is connected to the wire leading from the opposite pole ofthe dynamo to the secondary battery. From this connection it followsthat if the closed circuit of the dynamo-machine be bro ken at the backcontact of the key, and at this instant connection be made between wire5 and the pole of the condenser connected to spring K, the extra currentset up by the coils of the dynamo will flow to and charge the condenser.

\Vhen the key is depressed for the purpose 01' closing the contact at(,l and putting the current from the secondary battery to line, theiirst effect is to disconnect the dynamo from the secondary. By this actthe closed local circuit in which the secondary and dynamo are includedis broken, and simultaneously the local circuit, or that portion thereofwhich contains the dynamo-machine, is connected to the condenser throughthe wire 5, stop E, and springs F and K. which are brought into contactwith one anotherby the depression of the key simultaneously with thebreaking of the local circuit at the rear anvil, so that the extracurrent set up by the disruption of thelocal circuit is conveyed to,thecondenser and charges the" same. In the present instance the extracurrent is of considerable strength, although it will not beinconveniently so if a quantity dynamo machine be used and the secondarybattery he charged with its plates in multiple are, as explained in myprior application. As the movement of the key continues the current fromthe secondary battery is placed to line by the closing of line-contact.atG, while simultaneously the condenser is connected to line by thecontact of spring K with the anvil I, so as to re -enforce the firstportion of the electric impulse, the spring F and contactE being soadjusted that immediately after the condenser receives the extra currentthe contact between F and E is broken. As the key returns to its normalposition the condenser is disconnected from the line, and the parts arerestored to their former condition.

It is obvious that, instead of the coils of the dynamomachine, anyfOIIl'l'OfBlGCUO magnetic coils or helicesarranged in any closed chargedelectric circuit may be employed for giving strength to the extracurrent on the breaking of such circuit when the transmitter is openated. my invention is not limited to a system of telegraphy employing asecondary battery for supplying the line-currents and a dynamomachinefor charging the secondary, arranged with relation to one another in themanner shown herein and claimed in my prior appliation referred to, andI may in place of such arrangen'ient use any of the ordinary means forsupplying the current to the line, and I also may make use of otherclosed circuits for setting up the extra current, instead of thatcontaining the main-line generator.

Some of the various modifications of my invention are illustrated inFigs. 5 and 6.

In Fig. 5, M 13 indicate an ordinary transmitting galvanic battery, andE an electromagnet in the local circuit 7 therewith closed through theback contact of the key when the latter is at rest. The connections ofthe stop E and of the condenser are made to said closed circuit, asshown, so that the extra current set up on the breaking of said circuitmay be carried to the condenser as before explained.

In Fig. 6 the circuit by whose breaking the extra current is developedis independent of the transmitting-battery,an d is closed throughinsulated back contacts, q, of the transmit 61 A.

L B is a local battery in the normally-closed circuit containingtheelectromagnet The It is therefore to be understood that.

circuit containing the battery L 13 and the magnet E is indicated by thenumeral 8, and connection is made to said circuit in the man ner shownand as before explained. The action is in principle the same as in thecases before illustrated.

Other constructions of Morse key and attachments may be employed forproducing the necessary changes in the circuits, this being a mattercapable of many variations.

As my method may be applied to other sys toms-of telegraphy besidesMorse telegraphy,'

1' do not wish, as I have before stated, to be understood as limitingmyself in this respect.

What I claim as my invention is 1. The combination, with a transmitter,of a condenser, means for charging the condenser simultaneously with theoperation of the transmitter, and circuit closing or controllingdevices'for connecting the condenser to line at the instant of theconnection of the transmitting battery or source, so that the dischargeof the condenser may aid the transmittingcnrreut at the beginning of theelectric impulse.

2. The combination, with a transmitter, of a condenser, a chargedcircuit closed when the transmitter is at rest, means for breaking saidcharged circuit to produce a charge of the condenser at the instant thetransmitter is operated, and circuitclosing devices for connecting thecondenser to line at the beginning of the electric signal, as and forthe purpose described.

.' 3. The combination, substantially as described, of a signalingbattery or generator, a closed electric circuit therefor, atelegraphtransmitter, a condenser, apparatus for breaking said closedcircuit and connecting the same to the condenser concurrently with theoperation of the transmitter, and means for connecting the condenser toline simultaneously with said signaling battery or generator.

4-. The combination, substantially as de-' scribed, with a telegraph keyor transmitter, of a condenser, and means for connecting said condenserto a local circuit when the trans mitter begins to move, and upon thecontinuance of the movement breaking the connection to said localcircuit and connecting the condenser to line.

5. The combination, substantially as and for the purpose set forth, of atelegraph-key, a battery or other suitable current-generator, acondenser, and means for connecting and disconnecting the condenser tothe main-line circuit simultaneously with the connection anddisconnection of the current-generator.

6. The combination, substantially as described, of a battery or othersuitable currentgenerator, atelegraph-key whose back contact forms aportion of a local circuit for said generator, circuit-closing devicesfor completing a connection between said local circuit and a condenserwhen the local circuit is broken, and means for connecting saidcondenser to IIO lhc circuit closed by the front contact of the therebyis made to charge the condenser, and 10 key when the latter closes saidcircuit. the discharge current from the condenser is '7. Thecombination, substantially as and conveyed to line simultaneously withthe ourfor the purpose set forth, of a secondary batrent from thesecondary battery.

5 tery adynanio-electric 'enerator, a teie raph- Y T 1 transmitter, 2tcondense r, and circuit-cznneclErEL A} tions,an(1 devices, asdescribedpvhereby when i \Vitnesses: the circuit between the generatorand the con- W'M. H. BLAIN, denser is broken the extra current produced'I'I'. C. TOWNSEND.

